Atherosclerosis is a common and serious condition that affects the arteries, causing them to narrow and harden due to plaque build-up. In India, where heart disease is a leading cause of death, understanding atherosclerosis can help you take action to protect your heart health. Early intervention can prevent life-threatening complications and improve quality of life.
What is Coronary Atherosclerosis?
Atherosclerosis occurs when fatty deposits, cholesterol, and other substances build up on the walls of your arteries. Over time, this plaque can restrict blood flow, leading to various cardiovascular problems, including:
- Heart Attack: Caused by a blocked artery in the heart.
- Stroke: Resulting from reduced blood flow to the brain.
- Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD): Narrowing of arteries in the limbs.
- Aneurysms: Weakening of artery walls.
Understanding atherosclerosis can help you identify risk factors and seek timely treatment.
Why Coronary Atherosclerosis Awareness is Important in India
Heart disease is a growing health crisis in India. Here are some key facts:
- Cardiovascular diseases account for approximately 28% of all deaths annually in India.
- The prevalence of high cholesterol, diabetes, and hypertension—key contributors to atherosclerosis—is on the rise.
- Lifestyle changes, especially in urban areas, have increased the risk of developing this condition.
Raising awareness about atherosclerosis can encourage early diagnosis and better management of heart health.
Lifestyle Habits That Increase Coronary Atherosclerosis Risks
Certain lifestyle factors in India contribute to the growing prevalence of atherosclerosis. These include:
- High Consumption of Fried and Sugary Foods: Popular items like samosas and jalebis are high in unhealthy fats and sugars, contributing to plaque build-up.
- Physical Inactivity: Sedentary lifestyles, especially in urban areas, increase the risk of obesity and related heart issues.
- Smoking and Tobacco Use: Smoking and the use of chewing tobacco are prevalent and significantly increase the risk of arterial damage.
- Stress and Work Pressure: Chronic stress can lead to high blood pressure, a major risk factor for atherosclerosis.
Adopting healthier habits can lower your risk of developing atherosclerosis and improve your overall well-being.
When Should You Seek Help for Coronary Atherosclerosis?
Consult a doctor if you experience these symptoms:
- Chest pain or discomfort (angina).
- Shortness of breath or fatigue.
- Pain or cramping in your legs while walking.
- Sudden weakness, dizziness, or vision problems (signs of a stroke).
Recognising these warning signs early can prevent severe complications.
What to Expect During Coronary Atherosclerosis Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosing atherosclerosis often involves:
- Blood Tests: To check cholesterol and sugar levels.
- Imaging Tests: Such as CT scans or ultrasounds to view arteries.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG): To detect heart irregularities.
- Angiography: A detailed imaging test to assess arterial blockages.
Treatment options include:
- Medication: To manage cholesterol, blood pressure, or prevent blood clots.
- Lifestyle Changes: Such as a healthier diet and regular exercise.
- Angioplasty or Bypass Surgery: For severe blockages.
How to Protect Your Heart Health
Preventing atherosclerosis starts with adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle. Here are some tips:
- Eat Nutritious Foods: Focus on fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins. Limit fried and processed foods.
- Stay Active: Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days.
- Quit Smoking: Seek support to stop using tobacco products.
- Manage Stress: Practice relaxation techniques like yoga or meditation.
- Regular Check-ups: Monitor your blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels.
Where to Get Help for Coronary Atherosclerosis in India
If you think you might have atherosclerosis, consult a healthcare provider. Services are available at:
- Government Hospitals: Facilities like the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in Delhi and regional cardiac centres provide advanced care.
- Private Hospitals: Institutions such as Apollo Hospitals and Fortis Hospitals offer state-of-the-art diagnostic and treatment options.
- Community Health Centres: For those in rural areas, local clinics can provide initial screenings and referrals.
Take Charge of Your Heart Health Today
Atherosclerosis is a manageable condition with the right care and lifestyle changes. By understanding its symptoms and risk factors, you can take proactive steps to protect your heart. If you’re experiencing signs of coronary atherosclerosis or have concerns about your heart health immediately.